✚⠀⠀❜⠀⠀Music Basics ‎ ‎ !　　꜆ This was technically made for a friend of mine, but it's just the basics. By no means are my definitions professional, these are just what my current band director has told me. @veritas on neospring for questions

Dynamics
What are dynamics?
Dynamics are the letters on the sheet music indicating how soft/loud you need to play.
— ‎ ‎ f ‎ ‎ ‎ forte ‎ ‎ loud
— ‎ ‎ p ‎ ‎ ‎ piano ‎ ‎ soft
— ‎ ‎ mf ‎ ‎ ‎ mezzo forte ‎ ‎ moderately loud
— ‎ ‎ mp ‎ ‎ ‎ mezzo piano ‎ ‎ moderately soft
— ‎ ‎ ff ‎ ‎ ‎ fortissimo ‎ ‎ very loud
— ‎ ‎ pp ‎ ‎ ‎ pianissimo ‎ ‎ very soft

— ‎ ‎ 'issimo' means 'very', so for example pianississimo (ppp) means 'very very soft'

Notes and Rests
What are the note/rests names and counts?
Please excuse the interchanged use of symbols and pngs.
— Whole note, it gets 4 counts
— Half note, it gets 2 counts
♩ — Quarter note, it gets 1 count
♪ — Eighth note, it gets 1/2 count
— Sixteenth note, it gets 1/4 count

— Whole rest, it gets 4 counts
— Half rest, it gets 2 counts
‎ — Quarter rest, it gets 1 count
‎ — Eighth rest, it gets 1/2 count
‎ — Sixteenth rest, it gets 1/4 count

Reading Treble & Bass Clef
What are the lines and spaces on the staff?

Well to start off, there are 7 letters in the musical alphabet. A, B, C, D, E, F, G
There's also 5 lines and 4 spaces on a staff.
The line that extends the staff is called a ledger line
When reading, start from the bottom up to find out the note. (If that makes sense.)

𝄞 Treble Clef
The lines for Treble clef are E, G, B, D, F
A way I learned to remember that is Every Good Boy Does Fine
The spaces are F, A, C, E
The spaces are fairly easy.

𝄢 Bass Clef
The lines for Bass clef are G, B, D, F, A
Good Boy Does Fine Always
The spaces are A, C, E, G
A way I learned to remember these spaces is All Cows Eat Grass

Misc
♯ — Sharp, raises the pitch a half step
♭ — Flat, lowers the pitch a half step
♮ — Natural, cancels out all sharps and flats
𝆒 — Crescendo, gradual increase in loudness
𝆓 — Decrescendo, gradual decrease in loudness

Time signature

The top number stands for how many beats, and the bottom stands for what kind of beats.
If there is a 'C' in place of numbers, it just stands for 'common time'. Which is just 4/4 time.
I'll add cut time later...

to be added!

• how to read notes that go above/below the staff
• notes on piano
• instruments