Rumina Climate and Geology
I am not the best at this, particularly in geology but I will do my best.
Climate:
Quick Guide!:
C =In the coolest month, the mean temperature in the subtropical zone is around 8 C (46 F) while in the hottest months mean temperatures are in the 26.5 C (80 F) range.
D = the temperature of the coldest month is below 0 °C (32.0 °F) or −3 °C (26.6 °F) and there must be at least four months whose mean temperatures are at or above 10 °C (50 °F)
F = Without dry season
A = Hot summer, warmest month averages at least 22 °C (71.6 °F),
B = Warm summer, warmest month averages below 22 °C (71.6 °F) but at least four months averages above 10 °C (50.0 °F).
Most of Rumina is Humid Continental (Dfa/b)with a peninsula having Humid Subtropical (Cfa). You can presume the further north you go in Rumina, the cooler it gets and leans from a to b on the scale above.
A hot summer version of a continental climate (Dfa) features an average temperature of at least 22 °C (71.6 °F) in its warmest month. Since these regimes are limited to the Northern Hemisphere, the warmest month is usually July or August. High temperatures in the warmest month tend to be in the high 20s or low 30s °C (80s or low 90s °F), while average January afternoon temperatures are near or well below freezing. Frost free periods normally last 4–7 months within this climate regime.
Dfb, is also known as Hemiboreal climate, areas featuring this subtype of the continental climate have an average temperature in the warmest month below 22 °C (72 °F). Summer high temperatures in this zone typically average between 21–28 °C (70–82 °F) during the daytime and the average temperatures in the coldest month are generally well or far below the −3 °C (27 °F) (or 0 °C (32.0 °F)) isotherm. Frost-free periods typically last 3–5 months. Heat spells lasting over a week are rare.
In a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), summers are typically long, hot and humid. Monthly mean summer temperatures are normally between 24 and 27 °C (75 and 81 °F). A deep current of tropical air dominates the humid subtropics at the time of high sun, and daily intense (but brief) convective thundershowers are common. Summer high temperatures are typically in the high 20s to mid-30s °C (80s or 90s °F), while overnight lows in the summer are typically in the lower 20s °C (70s °F). Monthly mean temperatures in winter are often mild, typically averaging 7.5 to 16 °C (45.5 to 60.8 °F). Daytime highs in winter normally are in the 10 to 16 °C (50 to 61 °F) range, while overnight lows are from 2 to 7 °C (36 to 45 °F), though the poleward boundaries of this climate feature colder temperatures, possibly below freezing.
Biomes:
Dfa/Dfb Forests thrive in this climate, and some of the most beautiful old growth forests in the world can be found, or used to in Dfa and Dfb climates. Biomes within this climate regime include temperate woodlands, temperate grasslands, temperate deciduous or evergreen forests,coniferous forests, and coniferous swamps. maple, spruce, pine, fir, and oak can be found in this wet Df climate. Fall foliage is noted during the autumn of deciduous forests.
Cfa
Common biomes found here would be subtropical moist and dry broadleaf forests, subtropical coniferous, mixed and coniferous forests, subtropical grasslands, flooded grasslands, mangroves, and swamps.
Geology:
Feel free to correct me if I am interpreting it wrong
Rumina has three distinct types of geological formations (that are mapped). An Orogenic Formation along the /lig/ border, extended crust along the north coast and a platform along the south coast. The islands would likely be Large igneous provinces since those volcanos would be active.
Orogens are areas where an ongoing or past plate collision has caused the crust to fold, deform, crumble, and uplift to form mountains and island arcs.This Orogenic Formation in particular will likely be rather rich in Iron, Copper, Gold, and Uranium because it is a prime area for an IOCG, as well as Silver, Zinc and Antimony.
Along with these riches will be found Igneous and Metamorphic rocks.
Common Igneous would be Intrusive igneous rock types such as Granite (Fel), Granodiorite (Int-Fel), Diorite (Int), Gabbro (Maf), Peridotite (UltMaf) which will have also brought these too:Beryl Minerals (Associated with Felsic Intrusive pegmatites),Emerald (Near exclusively found in Felsic Intrusive pegmatites),Corundum Minerals (Associated with Felsic Intrusive pegmatites & Ultramafic Intrusives),Topaz (Associated with Felsic rocks),Peridot (Associated with Mafic & Ultramafic rocks), Rubies, and Sapphires.
The Metamorphic rocks that will likely be found here would be blueschist, greenschist, and eclogite types. Basalts, Limestone, Marble, Granite, kyanite, rutile, quartz, lawsonite, coesite, amphibole, phengite, paragonite, zoisite, dolomite, corundum and, rarely, diamond.
The platforms are areas of relatively flat sedimentary (sand, silt, and the related rocks such as sandstone) strata (geologist's word for a layer of rock or sediment) laying over a basement of igneous or metamorphic rock. I believe that Rumina has Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks in this area like shale, claystone, sandstone, silt, and mudrocks. As for minerals, I am willing to bet it has several large coal seams, likely bituminous in it. Also Zinc and Lead will be a possibility, along with deposits of gold, silver, copper, arsenic and bismuth.
The Extended Crust are Areas where the crust has been thinned by extensional strain (rift zones, the area around /polka/ and Sakuran) or passive margins (a transition zone between oceanic and continental lithospheres. Coastal areas, areas that have experienced a lot of erosion and /or sedimentation due to rivers). Passive margins can be either volcanic or non-volcanic in origin.
I think the areas that are marked as extended crust are likely coastal areas and extensional strain based. These are really hard to map out but if I had a guess, it’s likely similar to the platform in terms of soil and deposits but also will have it’s own uniqueness as well. I think it is a Retro Foreland basin. These places are wonderful sources of biological resources, namingly oil and coal. There will likely also be deposits of metamorphic and igneous rocks that are similar to those found in the orogen.
Finally, the Islands… They will be an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive (sills, dikes) and extrusive (lava flows, tephra deposits), arising when magma travels through the crust towards the surface. Yes, there also will be IOCGs there but also Nickel, Platinum, Porphyries, and Intrusive igneous rock types listed above…
Other Notes:
Farming would largely match the farming style of regions bearing said climates IRL, and given the cold ocean currents, fish are extremely common off Rumina. All in all, Rumina has excellent land that truly lives up to the expectations of the people who ventured into the unknown.